Heat transfer device



Oct 9, 1934. F M YOUNG ET AL 1,976,102

HEAT TRANSFER DEVICE moan Toes Bud W j 47 roe/viy Filed Feb. 20, 1953 5work: heating, cooling and tempering air for Patented on9, 1934 HEATTRANSFER DEVICE Fred M. Young and Leon M. Young, Racine, 'Wia, said LeonM. Young assignor to Young Radiator Company, Racine, Wis., a corporationof Wisconsin Application February 20, 1933, Serial No. 657,648

Claims.

Our invention relates to the class of heat transblast heaters.

Our'invention, however, in its broadest sense is adapted to be used forprocess tion, efficient in operation and relia' le in that it isself-contained and capable of adapting itself to every condition ofsevere service for an ex-- tended-number of years without attention orinjury.

We accomplish these objects by means of a novel housing, a novel meansfor connecting the tube ends into the header plate, a novel means topermit expansion and contraction and a novel form and grouping of tubesand fins.

A specific object of our invention is to provide tubes with enlargedends which protrude through the header plate and are secured therein bymeans of a ferrule or sleeve pressed or rolled into the enlarged tubeopening.

Another object of our invention is to provide tubes having three singlecurves for the greater A further object of our invention is to protectthe tube ends against fracture and loosening by providing a short,straight portion adjacent the ends thereof.

A still further object of our invention is to provide a housing whereinthe headers are slidably mounted but held in parallel relation. VAnother object is to provide an outlet connection whereby all of theliquid may be drained from the unit when positioned other than vertical.

To these and other useful ends our invention consists of matterhereinafter set forth andclaimed and shown in the accompanying drawingin which:

Figure l is a side view of ourimproved device showing the tube sectionsand headers in elevation, and the casing in section on line 1- -i oplates 16*- on the other or front side of the hous- Figure 2 is afragmentary sectional view taken on-line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an end sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a section taken on line 4-4 of Fi ure 2.

Figure 5 is a section of the housing only taken on line 55 of Figure 1.

As thus illustrated, 9 designates the sides of the housing and 10designates the ends thereof. The sides 9 are preferably formed in theshape of a shallow pan having side and end flanges which extend outward.The ends 10 are similarly formed with flanges which extend outward. Theends of side members 9 are made fast to the ends of members 10 to thusform a rectangular enclosure for the radiator core and a support for thesame as will hereinafter appear: The tube plates are designated by thenumeral 11. Numeral 12 designates the inlet header cap and 13 designatesthe outlet header cap. These caps are attached to their respective tubeplates by means of cap screws with an intervening gasket in a well knownmanner.

An inlet opening 14 is provided in a nipple projecting from the headercap 12 and an outlet 15 is provided in a nipple on header cap 13. Itwill be noted that outlet opening 15 is positioned at one end of headercap 13. Thus when the unit is placed in a horizontal and edgewiseposition, all of the liquid can be drained from the unit.

The housing is adapted to slidably support the headers in the followingmanner: Plateslfi and 16 are positioned transversely between the ends ofthe housing members 9 and on opposite sides 90 thereof, thereby to formfront and rear guides for the headers, the ends and outer surfaces beingflanged, forming means by which the members 9 and lll'are attachedthereto, as indicated in Figures 1 and 5. The housing members 9 and 10are-preferably spot welded together. Plates 16 on one side of thehousing .are also preferably spot welded to members 9 and 10 and the twoing are preferably attached by means of bolts as indicated in Figure 1.The housing is made slightly longer than the radiator unit, thereby toprovide a space between the header caps 12 Our improved housing preventstwisting the headers out of parallel relation when screwing the supplyand drain pipes into position and thus insure against injury to thetubes during or after installation.

We provide preferably two independent sections in the tube bundledesignated in their entirety by reference characters A and B, eachconsisting preferably of a single row of tubes 19. The tubes in onesection are preferably positioned in staggered relation to the tubes inthe other section, as indicated in Figure 3.

' The ends of tubes 19 are enlarged as at 20 (see Figure 4). Theseenlarged portions are longer than the thickness of the plates 11 and areadapted to fit tightly into corresponding openings in plates 11, theends protruding.

The ferrule 21 is preferably made from very hard copper thereby toprovide strength and equal expansion to the tubes 19 which are alsopreferably made from copper. This ferrule 21 is slightly rounded as at22, leaving a straight portion which is longer than the thickness of theplates 11, whereby the ends protrude on opposite sides of the plates 11.After the tube ends 20 are in position and preferably made tight byrolling, boiler tube fashion, the ferrules 21 are pressed into the tubeends and then rolled or expanded in a manner similar to boiler tubepractice, to thus firmly hold the tube ends in their respectiveopenings.

Since the tube ends and ferrules protrude, there will be formed slightdepressions in the tubes by the plate openings thus to lock the tubesagainst end movement. The edges of the openings in the plates arepreferably slightly rounded in order to avoid a sharp offset in thetube.

Obviously, the protruding inner end of the ferrule 21 will act as astiffening and strengthening means at the point where the tube protrudesinwardly past the plate 11. The outer ends 20 of the tubes arepreferably beaded over as at 23, as

in boiler tube practice. Thus a very strong and simple joint is providedespecially suitable for this class of device which is subjected toextreme and sudden changes in temperature, water hammer, expansion,contraction, etc.

As illustrated in Figure 1, the ends of tubes 19 are preferably straightfor a short distance. These straight portions are indicated asterminating at 30 or a distance which is preferably substantially tenper cent of the distance between headers. The remainder of the tubelength is in the shape of three long easy single curves, the

two end curves of opposite sections extendin preferably concave outwardand the center curved in the opposite direction, the adjacent curves inopposite sections therefore being curved in opposite direction.

Each row of tubes is provided preferably with strip fins 31 and 32closely spaced substantially the full length of the tubes, thusformingtwo oppositely curved independent finned sections, the centers of whichare a greater distance apart than the ends.

Thus it will be seen that when the tubes expand from heat if.the headersare held from moving outward by the supply pipes, the cores will bendoutward accordion-like at their centers. This same action would takeplace if the :headers were forced together by expansion of the supplypipes or otherwise.

The action of the curved part of the tubes in combination with thestraight ends is to counteract any tendency to bend the tube ends. Inother words, there is less bending of the tube close to the headers thanif the curves began close to the headers. Therefore, the combination ofthe enlarged ends, the ferrule, the straight portion and long easysingle curves insures against fractures or loosened joints.

Referring to Figure 3; it will be seen that fins 32 on section B arelonger than the fins 31 on section A. We, therefore, provide a baflle 33in the form of an angle which is attached to the side walls 9 to thusform a wall or deflector for the purpose of directing the air into thesection A which has short fins.

Obviously, if the tubes 19 were equipped with individual fins, theircenter portion would not remain in spaced relation. We, therefore,preferably provide the strip fins 31 and 32, which enclose all of thetubes in the row, in order to hold the entire row of tubes in parallelrelation and further to simplify and strengthen the section.

One of the novel features as already outlined is the housing and mannerof supporting the tube bundles therein. A special object of ourinvention is to avoid unnecessary strain on the tubes. It will be seenthat the headers are free to move endwise but act as a sole support forthe tube bundle. Obviously, the entire bundle is also free to moveendwise relative to the housing. Therefore, after the housing has beenatttached to its support, the bundle is supported but left free to moveendwise in its entirety. Thus any movement of the feed pipes because ofexpansion or otherwise, is provided for without causing undue strain onthe tubes or their fastenings in the header. While we show the sectionsA and B as having opposite curves we also contemplate two or more rowsof tubes in each section which curve in the same direction in bothsections. In either event the form of housing, headers; fins, tube ends,etc., may be in exactly the same form as shown. Neither do we wish to belimited to the use of a single row of tubes in each section tiedtogether by fin strips. Under certain conditions we contemplate the useof two rows of tubes in each section all curved in the same directionand passing through fin strips forming a single section having threesingle curves.

Obviously when plates 16 are removed and the entire core assembly ismoved in the direction of header cap 12, header cap 13 and its nipplewill clear member 10 so the core may be tipped forward and removed fromthe housing.

In practice, devices of the class described range in length from two toten feet. They are frequently installed in inaccessible places wherecontinuous service is required. Every detailed feature shown cooperatesto supply the kind of service required. However, many minor changes andarrangement of parts can be made without departing from the spirit andscope of our invention.

Having thus shown and described our invention, what we claim as new anddesire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a device of the class described, comprising two headers, ahousing, two rows of tubes the ends of which are connected to saidheaders, whereby liquid or gas may pass from one header to the other,the ends of said tubes being straight for a considerable distance fromsaid headers, the remainder of said tubes being formed by three singlecurves of substantially the same length and radius two of which bendoutward on oppothe center portion of said tubes, whereby the I spacebetween the center of said rows is greater than at the ends thereof,said housing adapted to I slidably support and hold said headers inparallel relation.

2. In a device of the class described, comprising a housing, two headersslidably mounted in the ends of said housing but held in parallelrelation, two cores comprising fins and a transverse row of tubes theends of which are enlarged and adapted to fit into openings in saidheaders, said enlarged ends protruding through said. openings, saidtubes having straight portions for a considerable distance from saidheaders, the remainder of said tubes being in the form of three singlecurves, the end curves extending outwardly and the center in a reversedirection.

3. In a device of the class described comprising a housing a rectangularradiator core having headers and a plurality of connecting tubes wherebyliquid or gas may pass from one header to the other, said housingcomprising side members and end members each having outwardly extendingflanges on their four edges forming a rectangular enclosure for thesides and ends of said core, but somewhat longer whereby said core maymove endwise, retainer plates adapted to form a front and rear enclosurefor said headers, two of said plates adapted to be removable wherebysaid core may be removed from said housing. 4. A device of the classdescribed, comprising two headers, a plurality of circulating tubes in arow in spaced relation the ends of which are connected to said headerswhereby liquid or gas may pass from one header to the other, a mulahousing, a radiator unit, said unit having two common headers and twocores, each consisting of a transverse row of tubes and a multiplicityof strip fins through which said tubes extend, one core having two lesstubes and centrally positioned in staggered relation to the tubes of theother core, stopping short of the width thereof, said housing comprisingside and and members adapted to surround the sides and ends of saidunit, and having holding members positioned in front and rear'of saidheaders and adapted to detaohably hold said unit in said frame andslidably hold said headers in parallel relation, projections attached tosaid side members adjacent said narrow core thereby to force the airbetween the fins thereof.

man M. YOUNG. LEON M. YOUNG.

